Community Policing And The Police Essay - 2008 Words

Community policing is a police procedure forced to make a superior relationship between the police and the group. Community policing is characterized as a synergistic exertion between the police and the group that distinguishes issues of wrongdoing and clutter and includes all components of the Community in the look for answers for these issues. Does people group based policing achieve social orders coveted result and desires? This is one of many inquiries we may have about the genuinely new and disputable subject of group policing. Community policing is maybe the most misconstrued and most of the time manhandled topic in police administration amid this decade. In the previous couple of years, it has turned out to be in vogue for police offices to start community policing, frequently with little thought of what that expression implies. In reality, all way of hierarchical tinkering has been marked group policing. However, people group policing is not a program. Rather, people community policing is an esteem framework which saturates a police office, in which the essential hierarchical objective is working helpfully with individual natives, gatherings of nationals, and both open and private associations to recognize and resolve issues which possibly impact the reasonableness of particular neighborhoods, ranges, or the city overall. Community based police offices perceive the way that the police can t viably manage such issues alone, and must join forces with other peopleShow MoreRelatedPolice Policing And Community Policing1513 Words   |  7 Pages Community Policing How effective is community policing? Community policing has several different definitions. In this paper I will prove that community policing is effective by defining, community policing as the police and citizens coming together to create a safe community, stop crime and resolve problems and also urgently responding to the community. Throughout many years, the people’s view of community policing have remained the same. There are some valid causes as to whyRead MorePolice Policing And Community Policing Essay1245 Words   |  5 PagesIntro There are a series of variations of the definition of community policing. Community policing is a system ran for police officers within communities so that they can become familiar with local citizens. In majority of cities, the relationship that is already between officers and community citizens end up going wrong because not the ‘right’ officer gets put where they need to be. State officials hire officers from small towns and put them in the city, or it’s the case where city officers areRead MoreCommunity Policing And The Police1755 Words   |  8 PagesCommunity policing can be dated back to the early nineteenth century. In 1829 Sir Robert Peel created the Metropolitan Police when he served as Home Secretary of England. According to Peel, the real key for policing is â€Å"the police are the people and the people are the police†. Peel believed that prevention of crime could be accomplished without intruding into the lives of the citizens. His first principle was that the â€Å"basic mission for which the police exist is to prevent crime and disorder†Read MorePolice Enforcement And Community Policing849 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Since the surface of Community policing in the 1970’s and making the mark of influence on the strategies of policing throughout the United States, community policing has slowly become the direction of police interaction (Sozer and Merlo, 2013). Originally, having a breakthrough of helping reduce crime in the larger cities of America, smaller cities took the initiative and began the tactic of using community policing in the same efforts to reduce crime in local communities (Sozer and Merlo, 2013)Read MorePolice Enforcement And Community Policing1444 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to COPS and the U.S. Department of Justice, community policing begins with a commitment to building trust and respect between police and communities. Many police department and citizens within the communities collaborate and they more effectively address underlying issues, change negative behavioral patterns, and allocate resources. Bureau of Justice Statistics defines community policing as, â€Å"A philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnershipsRead MorePolice Enforcement And Community Policing1657 Words   |  7 Pages Over the past few decades community policing has become a new trend in law enforcement. A majority of contemporary police departments now claim to use community policing. Community policing builds on basic policing practices with an emphasis on crime prevention and lasting solutions to problems. Community policing was established in the 1970s, but did not become popular until the 1990s. The goal of community policing is to rebuild the bond between citizens and police officers, while at the sameRead MoreCommunity Policing And The Police Department Essay2270 Words   |  10 PagesCommunity policing began in the 1980s, based off of work performed at Michigan Sate University (Police Studies Book). However, the Anytown Police Department has not been a part of this method of policing until now. The department’s management feels that community policing would be effective to treat several issues we have been experiencing of late, including our faltering relationship with minorities and with the poor and middle classes. Many, broad sweeping, changes will need to be made to the departmentRead MoreCommunity Policing : A New Partnership Between The Police And The Community1285 Words   |  6 PagesCommunity policing is now widely spread around the world due to its overwhelming popularity and effectiveness. This policing model is even being â€Å"sold† as perhaps the best policing model for modern society. Trojanowicz and Bucqueroux define community policing as â€Å"a philosophical and an organizational strategy that promotes a new partnership between the people and their police† (Trojanowicz and Bucqueroux p.6). The central idea of such policing is to create a sustainable partnership between the policeRead MorePolice Presence And Implementing Community Policing2096 Words   |  9 Pagesyou ever wondered why our communities are struggling, neighbors are fighting and everyone is against one another? This is because as a community not everyone is working on the mission to provide a safe and clean environment. A community includes residents, law enforcers, and government officials all working cohesively to provide better quality of life in our neighborhoods. In today’s society, we are trying to focus on the third era of policing known as community policing where the goal is to improveRead MorePolice Agencies Implement Community Policing, And Problem Oriented Policing Essay1357 Words   |  6 Pages Do Canadian police agencies implement community policing, and problem oriented policing? and if so do they work? In this paper, this paper will examine the two different styles of policing in a contemporary society. Community policing where the main emphasis is that the police and the community work together on issues, and problem-oriented policing where the police try and understand specific issues within the community. It will also examine several examples of different policing agencies in Canada

Trigonometry The Hipparchus Catalogue Essay - 575 Words

Have you ever wondered how many astronomers were out there? And also what they have contributed to this world? Well this astronomer I’m about to talk about, his name is Hipparchus. Hipparchus is a greek astronomer, mathematician and geographer. Hipparchus brought 3 contributions models, another math formula, and a method of prediction. He proposed around 250 BC, the Earth went around the Sun. If you want to find out more about this astronomer keep reading and you’ll find out about his life and about his contribution to this Earth. Also to the mathematical world by bringing another form of math into the equation. Around 190 BC Hipparchus was born in Nicaea in Bithynia (Now know as Turkey.) Hipparchus was the 1st astronomer to†¦show more content†¦This scale is still used today. The only difference from then and now is Hipparchus did not have the luxury of using a telescope. Ptolemy continued Hipparchuss work and his catalogue after he was dead. He gather another 37 in the end the total was 1080 stars. Hipparchus was credited with dividing a circle into 360 degrees. This was 1st used in trigonometry but later on used in other mathematical formulas and equations. Hipparchus had referred to Timocharis, who was and astronomer who lived 150 years before him. Hipparchus appears on many Roman coins from five different emperors reigns in 138 AD and 253 AD. Hipparchus has made three contributions to astronomy. Hipparchus was the 1st Greek to create a quantitative and an accurate model for the motion of the Sun and Moon. Another contribution he made is more towards mathematical contribution. Hipparchus possessed a trigonometric table and he likely solved problems of spherical trigonometry. The last contribution is he made a reliable method of predicting solar eclipses, and the compilation of the first comprehensive star catalog. Hipparchus has many others work but sadly they are now lost. These included an astronomical and astrological writings and a catalogue of his own works. In summary, Hipparchus was a Greek astronomer who gave three things to astronomy and the mathematical world. He kept a catalogue of all the stars he had observed over time. After HipparchusShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Age of Alexander1793 Words   |  8 Pagesthrough his many preserved works. Hipparchus (fl. 145-130 BC) He was one who put forth strong arguments against the heliocentric theory of Aristarchus--on the grounds that a mathematical system of eccentrics and epicycles seemed to account more logically for the movement of the heavens (he had a very strong influence on Ptolemy who took up his work several centuries later) and did not suffer from a theory which required the earth to move. This to Hipparchus flew solidly in the face of common sense

Changes to Stoke Bruerne between (1800 †2001) Free Essays

Stoke Bruerne was a small farming and market village. The main function of Stoke Bruerne changed because of transport. The Grand Junction canal got its act of parliament in 1793. We will write a custom essay sample on Changes to Stoke Bruerne between (1800 – 2001) or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Canal side walk). The canal had a major impact on the village of Stoke Bruerne. The village of Stoke Bruerne developed around the canal. (Maps). Before the canal arrived, Stoke Bruerne was a very small-populated area with about 150 people living in, what was a very agricultural village. The first major canal was built between London and Birmingham, this runs through the village of Stoke Bruerne. (Visit). There was a major objection to this plan by the Rector, the two plans that were drawn up went straight through the middle of his garden cutting it in two. He lost his battle and the chosen plan went ahead. When the canal was built the canal company built the Rector a bridge so that he could walk from one side of his garden to the other. (Visit). When the canal was built many jobs were created and with it people to fill the vacancies. (Whittaker Minutes). Houses were built for the people who worked on the canal, this was the start of Stoke Bruerne becoming a busy area during the canal era. (Visit). The boats struggled to get across the canal and so pathways were made either side of the canal so horses could walk along pulling the boats behind them. The horses could not pull the barges through Blisworth Hill so ‘legers’ would walk the barges through the tunnel, where the horses would again take over. The horses stayed in the tunnel stables when there were no barges to pull. While the legers were waiting to pull barges through, they would wait in the legers hut. This was a small shed in which they could keep warm and dry. (Visit). The barges also struggled up the hill of the canal, and so locks were put in. Evidence that the canal became more congested is that double locks were built in 1835, although only locks 14 and 15 affected Stoke Bruerne. (Canal Company Minutes) Many businesses were set up on the side of the canal this was because businessmen new it was a quick, easy and cheap way of transporting goods to many places like London using barges on the canal (Booklet). Many wharfs were set up so that goods could be loaded and unloaded. The goods being loaded on the barges would have been brought from local factories and people who made things that could be sold. The goods being unloaded from barges would have been taken to the local market and sold. (Visit/Booklet). A steam-powered Corn Mill was set up and this attracted many people to move to Stoke Bruerne because off the work on offer. Four Mill Cottages were built beside the mill so the workers could live there. So the canals arrival really gave the world of Stoke Bruerne a whole new way of life. In 1851 the double lock shut (Canal Company Minutes). Railways took over from canals as the main form of transport about 1851. The reasons why people started to use the railway more is because it was: * More direct and Quicker – the trains could travel a lot faster than the boats, which meant they could get to their destinations more efficiently. * Easy to extend – the trains were more direct, and a lot less hassle for companies that extend the track because unlike the canal no digging was required only a flat piece of land (Visit). * Transporting goods – Transporting heavy goods and pottery was easier and safer because it was less likely to break because the ride was smoother than the barges had been. The best thing with trains and transporting goods was food. Food could finally be transported over large areas. It could get there quickly and so it would stay fresh for markets and stalls the following day. Between 1874 – 1879 the Navigation Inn shut closed (Whittaker).The Corn Mill shut down at the start of the 1900’s (Guide book). Work hours were cut in 1938 and so people had more leisure time. The railway had an impact on Stoke Bruerne because people could get there and go to various other places (Visit). One of the first motorways built was the M1.It is still very much used today by workers who commute to and from work. The roads in 1960 were not the same in quality as they are today. People did however prefer these to railways because their car was more convenient, they could leave there home when they wanted. Also people had more leisure time because they had paid holidays and worked fewer hours. So people looked for leisure pastimes. Tourism in Stoke Bruerne really started to flourish. Many of the old buildings were changed into businesses that would make money from tourism. The old corn Mill became a museum in 1963 and for many years previously a disused warehouse. The mill had its own docks, which has been made into the picnic area and car park (Canal side walk, booklet). The Boat Inn, a pub to go and have a drink in while visiting was a pub, a butcher, then a stable. It changed as the needs changed (Visit). The wharf office shop sells souvenirs, but was previously used to sign for documents, send letters. Etc. (visit) The mill cottages that were built for the workers to live in are now split in to two groups of two. Two are privately owned and two are rented out to tourists. The chapel tearooms used to be used as a dock to the toe path to bring coal to the steam engine to run the mill. The land cutaway known as the Blisworth tramway where the horses worked is being made in to a nature reserve by the British Waterway. As you can see Stoke Bruerne has changed dramatically in the last 250 years. Stoke Bruerne Sources. The best source I used was the visit because it gave a full picture of what Stoke Bruerne was like and the way it changed, for example: * The roofs on the buildings all had different styles e.g. slate, tile, etc. The visit also gave us a visual view, I picked up lots of little facts from our tour guide and the museum. Also the Whittaker Minutes and the Canal Side Walk were very useful for the certain information that I got for it although it was only 1 or 2 facts from each. The postcard disagreed with my visit because we saw quite dull boats, but the postcard showed bright boats, which we were also told, would not have been the case. Postcards are painted in the light of being sold and so make the village look a great place, this makes it bias. A historian could use the Whittaker Minutes and the Canal Side Walk to gain key information of what stoke Bruerne was like. These are documents from the time of the canal and so are likely to state the facts. This would be a reliable source as well as the land and its shape at Stoke Bruerne, for example you can see where the horses walked and so proves this did happen. How to cite Changes to Stoke Bruerne between (1800 – 2001), Papers

Strategic Alliances

Question: Strategic Alliances are a better way of accessing and strategically developing knowledge, when compared to other forms of external and internal development.Critically evaluate this statement, using academic literature and current business examples.OR:The only social responsibility of business is to make profit. Friedman (1962)Using academic literature and current business examples, critically evaluate this statement, including critique of the business case for CSR. Answer: The question that arises is that how ethics and mortality could be implemented to the experience of human beings. Though it is noted that philosophers had applied their brains for abstracting the ethical dilemmas in the history, there still appears to be no universal answer for the purpose of solving the ethical issues (Friedman 1970). The various philosophers works had tried to lead towards the moral framework development, which could be applied in different situations. The issue is that the ethical question answer might get varied according to the applied ethical framework (Friedman 1970). In context to this, by adapting the complex as well as the abstract ethical framework and the same is true to the process of decision making of directors might result into the unsolvable arguments in the restaurants, boardrooms, scholarly journals, meetings of shareholders, and in front of media (Friedman 1970). Milton Friedman had previously proposed the business ethics principles in the article of New York Times, which mention that the the social responsibility of business is to increase its profits (Friedman 1970). ..there is only one business social responsibility, and thats to make use of resources and try to get involved with activities that are designed for enhancing the profits so long that the company stays in the game rules, which mentions that firm should get engaged in free competition without any fraud and deception (Hammond 2003). This statement had just raised the question on directors that whether they should act towards enhancing the profits (Waldman and Siegel 2008). Although Friedman had explicitly mentioned that directors are the business agent, and they are responsible for playing within the game rules, still they leave room for conducting unethical behavior (Waldman and Siegel 2008). Therefore, the question arise that, does it mean that directors can act in such a manner that it could increase the business profits? Another issue that arises is that whether the firm should get involved in all the socially responsible activities (Waldman and Siegel 2008). In the Friedman perception about the social economic view of corporate social responsibility, it can be clearly argued that the directors are responsible for acting in the manner that could enhance the profits and business should engage in corporate social responsibility activities that could leave an indirect positive impact on the performance of the company (Waldman and Siegel 2008). Friedman had argued that the capitalism in its direct form can distort economic freedom. Activities that are socially responsible undertaken by the single company can change the economic freedom as per Friedman as shareholders are not able to decide on whom they will spend their money (Friedman 1978). Therefore, Friedman argues that company should stress over the activities that are linked with the profit of the company, excluding the activities of charity and are can directly generate the revenue (Friedman 1978). ..There is a claim that businesses should try to contribute towards supporting all the charitable form of activities and mainly the universities. This type of offering by the companies is considered as an inappropriate way of suing the corporate funds for the society (Davis 1960). Other principles that are expressed by the Friedman are the requirement to stay within game rules, mainly by avoiding the fraud and deception. This can be explained: A corporate executive holds direct social responsibility towards undertaking the business as per the desires of shareholders for making the money while conforming to the society rules, both that are included in laws and ethical custom (Frederick 1960). It applied with the Friedman, which fails to proclaim that the directors can easily act in the manner for increasing the profits because they are abiding by the laws and even follow the customs of ethics (Jeanette and Aubrey 1998). They exclusively specify the charitable activities, as they dont contribute in the profit scenario. According to Friedman, the better company is not the one that takes events due to its ethical ideal, but it should be equally socially sound (Jeanette and Aubrey 1998). One of the key arguments of Friedman for excluding corporate social responsibility from the business on ethical basis: Spending money on oneself wisely Spending money on others but challenging Spending money on oneself, but provide less incentive to the economy Spending money on others, by including government role and programs of corporate social responsibility (Jeanette and Aubrey 1998) It is argued by Friedman that its irrelevant for the directors to embark towards programs of corporate social responsibility, as there is less incentive for the expenditure, mainly when one spends money that is owned towards shareholders by dividends (Jeanette and Aubrey 1998). Friedman had also claimed that the legal construct with increasing the shareholders return as the single primary (Jeanette and Aubrey 1998). Executives are also employed for attaining the only aim. The sole moral responsibility of the managers is mainly to meet the expectations of shareholders that could increase their investment returns (Jeanette and Aubrey 1998). The perception of Friedman is mostly akin towards Darwinism, which applies the survival of market principles for ensuring the expected results (Hiscox and Smyth 2006). Friedman being the best in corporations holds high shareholder return. When the problems of the electric company, which tries to cut the supply to all customers for not paying, on which customers die is presented to Friedman (Hiscox and Smyth 2006). In this case, he argued that the utility company, which fails in cutting the electricity for not paying to customers, will fail to survive, as there is no reason for the customers actually to pay their bills. In the view of Friedman, disconnecting the clients who are not paying the bill will be regarded as the universal maxim, regardless of any particular result (Hiscox and Smyth 2006). Friedman also considers it as ethical due to the directors as they hold the moral duty of ensuring the corporation survival (Hiscox and Smyth 2006). The key reasons related to the Friedman are not satisfied. He had failed in proving that excising the moral, social responsibility in the business is through nature as it's unfair as well as socially practice (Meijer and Schuyt 2005). Most of the cases of Friedman rely on the questionable paradigm, in which the main premise is wrong and misses in logical cogency. Various standards are proposed in the context of socially responsible action in the business and it is argued that the social responsibility commitment could be considered as essential components in both the operational and strategic management of business without even producing the objectionable outcomes that are claimed by Friedman (Meijer and Schuyt 2005). Milton Friedman had also argued that the people who are responsible for taking decisions and initiate the actions of the business should not try to exercise the social responsibility in their capacity as being the executive of the company (Meijer and Schuyt 2005). Instead of that, they should try to concentrate on the growing companys profit. He had also argued that the social responsibility doctrine is considered as the socialist doctrine (Meijer and Schuyt 2005). Friedman arguments: executives need to exercise moral and social responsibilities Friedman argues that the social responsibility using through corporate is important as: It will be unfair as it constitutes the taxation without presenting it. Its undemocratic, as it tries to invest in the governmental power of the person who holds essential mandate towards governance (Meijer and Schuyt 2005) It will be unwise as there contain no checks as well as it balances in the enormous range of government powers by turning towards discretion (Sharp 2003) It also violates the trust, as the owners employ executives and they act as the agent in serving the principal interest (Meijer and Schuyt 2005). It is also futile, as executives will be able to anticipate the social results of the action, and they will also impose the cost of the stockholders, employees, and customers because they are most likely to lose the support and even power (Meijer and Schuyt 2005). Other arguments for the corporate social responsibility of the society and firm, for instance, Emigrant Savings Bank place around $1000 in the customers account, which is the toughest thing hit through the hurricane (Guay, Doh and Sinclair 2004). The bank tries to make the money to the customers, if they failed to do the same from customers, then the bank wouldnt have the money to provide to the customers through the services of unusual banking and specific cases such as issues of Hurricane Katrina (Guay, Doh and Sinclair 2004).Corporate social responsibility enhances the corporate image as well as companies goodwill, because of the companies such as Georgia Pacific, Amgen, Wal-Mart and the one who had donated to the Hurricane Katrina victims, and they are identified and wrote articles that promote these firms as being the caring organization of humanitarian and they even try to encourage the customers to initiate the business through the generous corporations (Guay, Doh and Sinclair 2004).Friedman also argues that the only social responsibility of the firm is to seek to make profits as per the law (Carson 2003). Milton Friedman also claims that the free markets, instead of companies need to decide what is good for the whole world. He even believes that the invisible hands of Adman Smith can even make things better (Carson 2003). It is highly argued that the business is business that implies that the firms in the industry are making profits, and thats the reason they are giving money to charity like Hurricane Katrina, in whom Wal-Mart had dominated around $17 million, and the same was not the objective of the company, rather, in fact, it moves against the principal purpose of the corporation is profit maximization (Carson 2003).It is referred as the voice of the laisser-faire in the year 1980, and still it gives the powerful voice through the support of advocates like Elaine Sternberg. It is argued by Sternberg that there is a case of human rights that goes aga inst the corporate social responsibility, that implies that the approach of stakeholders towards management deprive the shareholders of the property rights (Griffin and Mahon 1997). It mentions that the objectives that were sought through the social responsibility conventional views are absurd. Not every corporate social responsibility aspect is meant guilty (Griffin and Mahon 1997). It is said by Sternberg that the decency, fairness, as well as honesty, need to be expected through the corporations (Tencati and Zsolnai 2008). Other arguments that move against the corporate social responsibility are due to lack of regulations. In this case, companies provide the items they might select what they are in business and trying to produce, for instance, pizza ordered from Papa John provides the medical supplies of around $2.5 million as it incurs different price to the company (Griffin and Mahon 1997).When the surveys are undertaken by the respected business leaders then, in that case, who will find the names, like Jack Welch of General Electric, Bill Gates of Microsoft, who had tried to attain the status of world class? Welch is mainly remembered for the brutal downsizing, in which the manner he lead his business, and he was also popular for its prosecutions and pollution incidents (Griffin and Mahon 1997). Microsoft holds the top profile in case of bullying the dominance of the market in present years, and Gate is considered as achievable of financial status, in which he selected a lot of money getting ruthless in the business (Griffin and Mahon 1997).The Friedman view counterpoints are developed in the school of socio-economy of corporate social responsibility (Zadek 2004). One of the leading proponents of this perception is mainly proposed by the Iron Law of responsibility that tried to attain the business person social responsibility, which requires commensuration the political powers (Pava and Krausz 1996). Friedman mentions that,..Businessman should try to ove rview the economic system operations, which could fulfill the public expectations. And this implies in return that the means of production in the economy should be hired in such a manner that distribution and production should improve the welfare of socio-economic. The view of socio-economic is mainly in the utilitarian argument as Friedman tries to stress over the complete well-being of socio-economic in the society and the same needs to be improved, rather than stressing over the shareholders welfare, as per the proclaim of Friedman (Pava and Krausz 1996). Firms that try to operate exclusively for the sake of increasing the return to shareholders dont get engage in the activities of social responsibility and consider it as unethical in the point of view of utilitarian (Steare 2012). Through adopting the utilitarian adage of offering the highest number of people, firms are mostly ethically obliged towards participating in the activities of social responsibility, which could increas e the stakeholders total welfare (Pava and Krausz 1996). However, the issue related to applying the consequentialist theories standard, where one needs to increase the value of agent-neutral. Utilitarian doesnt differentiate among the people, whose utility need to be increase and therefore, it requires the deontic constraints for ensuring that welfare maximization of every stakeholder should not jeopardize with the high business prospects (Pava and Krausz 1996). A deontic constraint is considered as the principle, which tries to assign the value for the specific agent as compared to others and in the case of corporate social responsibility, it argues that the shareholders rights should be saved over the whole society rights (Pava and Krausz 1996). If the corporate social responsibility is considered as detrimental to the business as Friedman recommended it, then in that case shareholders will try to tend towards avoiding the investment within the firms that act as more socially responsible. There is, however, many empirical facts that its not considered as the case (Joyner and Payne 2002). Firstly, it is noticed that Friedman often fails in trying to acknowledge acting in an ethical way that could be seen as a valuable marketing proposition. Through analyzing the consumers desires, a corporation could provide the products as well as services that could match with the thresholds of ethics, thereby it adds to the value of consumers and shareholders; therefore, it avoids the myopia of marketing as it is mentioned by Theodore Levitt (Joyner and Payne 2002).